ANS Nuclear Cafe

OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Director-General Bill Magwood speaks at the ANS 2017 Annual Meeting. Photo credit: Tari Marshall.

Attendees of the 2017 American Nuclear Society Annual Meeting were fortunate to hear an address by William Magwood, the former NRC Commissioner.  Magwood is currently the Director-General of the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of the OECD.  He addressed the ANS members on the ANS Grand Challenges developed under the leadership of (now immediate past-President) Andy Klein.

A hopeful nuclear industry is once again considering many advanced designs - a throwback to the 1950's and 1960's. Shown, proposed 100 MWe organic cooled nuclear plant proposed by Atomics International in the 1960's. Illustration from Will Davis collection.

The spirit of hope, even in the face of what ANS President Andy Klein acknowledges as "tough times" for nuclear energy, has made itself more than evident at the 2017 Annual Meeting.  The spirit can be found everywhere, and it was further promoted on Monday morning as a new style of presentation for the opening plenary -- itself innovative -- was delivered to an excited audience.

As I considered how ANS could best forward the interests of nuclear professionals during my term as president (June 2016-June 2017), I was compelled by the idea of identifying the technical nuclear challenges that need to be resolved by 2030 in order to help solve some of the economic, sociological, or political issues that we face as a society.

Our Friday Matinee feature this week is a short video from Southern Nuclear commemorating the 30th anniversary of the startup of Plant Vogtle Unit 1.  Various employees look back at the time of the startup and capture their feelings for us to share in.  We hope you enjoy "Plant Vogtle - Memories at 30."

The American Nuclear Society recently recognized the Idaho National Laboratory's Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) Complex as a Nuclear Historic Landmark at the 2016 ANS Winter meeting in Las Vegas.  On May 18, ANS President Andy Klein presented the award during a visit to ATR.

SIR (Submarine Intermediate Reactor) as shown in Bechtel Corporation advertisement, in Will Davis' library.

The now-obscure and thick "Atoms for Peace Manual" published in 1955 by the U.S. Government Printing Office (and presented by Senator Alexander Wiley) contains, near its end, a curious and also now-obscure event in atomic energy history:  The first commercial sale of atomic-generated electricity.  And thereby hangs a tale.

Lost to us now- the Kewaunee Nuclear Plant, shut down permanently in May, 2013.

This week, the American Nuclear Society (ANS) announced the approval and publication of its latest position statement, which addresses the existential threat faced by the nation's commercial nuclear power plants.

There's talk in some circles these days about selecting fossil-fueled power plants and adding nuclear reactors to them in order to "repower" them without emissions.  One early example, the Saxton Experimental Reactor, is seen above in a photo from my collection*. There are some important things to think about before this is tried on a plant; here are five things to consider:

What is at stake for the U.K. industry and research centers?

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I was fortunate enough to have the opportunity to go to the American Nuclear Society meeting in Las Vegas in November 2016, although it was by happenstance. I had contributed to a paper that was to be presented at the meeting but the author was unable to attend, so I was sent instead. To be honest, at the time I was more excited, as a naïve college student, to get a university-sponsored trip to Las Vegas than by participating in the conference itself. What college student wouldn't jump at the opportunity to lose every cent of his single-digit bank account to a slot machine? I couldn't have been more wrong.

In my last article, I discussed the importance of the economics of nuclear power. I'm personally of the belief that if we cannot find ways to make nuclear energy the most cost competitive form of electricity universally, then the industry will eventually fizzle out. Since writing that last article, Toshiba, who owns Westinghouse and is responsible for AP1000 construction, declared billions of dollars in losses, and is looking to sell their nuclear assets. This to me represents the need to look more closely at the reasons behind nuclear energy's economic barriers, and the best ways to address them, especially here in the U.S. If the U.S. wants to be a global leader for nuclear energy, we have to take an honest look at what's holding us back. Before getting too much into that though, I think it is important to understand the electricity market here in the U.S., since it sets the stage on how to approach future decision making. I think that given the current market, and capacity demand, SMRs (small modular reactors) fill a unique niche. While the reduced initial capital is certainly attractive, for this article, I would like to focus on the electric market forces that could factor into utility decision making.

The sealing membrane for the new Chernobyl enclosure has been delivered to the site. Photo courtesy SSE ChNPP.

1. The Chernobyl Accident Wasn't a Nuclear Explosion. The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant reactor no. 4 in April 1986 did destroy the reactor itself as well as the roof of the reactor building, but the explosive forces involved were, first, a steam explosion inside the complex reactor, followed almost immediately by a hydrogen gas explosion similar to those that occurred at Fukushima. No "nuclear yield" was involved-the forces were, instead, explosive expansion of steam and chemical.

Several years ago I attended a nuclear chemistry conference. The conference, overall, was intriguing but I particularly remember a speaker from a world-renowned laboratory that gave a talk on the future of nuclear medicine. His lecture covered a wide range of new and exciting isotopes - isotopes that have the power to safely destroy tumors into nothingness - isotopes that could potentially extend the life of terminally ill patients.  These were medicines on the verge of federal approval, capable of eradicating cancerous tissue in pre-clinical trials. Producing these amazing cancer-fighters would normally suffice for a good, professional story on its own. But there was one isotope that wasn't in his domain, and he knew everyone was thinking about it. Towards the end of his presentation:

A lot of people can remember the first time they celebrated Halloween or Christmas, but I distinctly recall the first time I learned about Earth Day.

On April 12, executives of SCANA Corporation and South Carolina Electric & Gas (SCE&G)-two of the owners of the V.C. Summer nuclear plant expansion, which is presently in progress adding two Westinghouse AP1000 units to the older, existing unit on site-delivered an ex parte briefing to the Public Service Commission (PSC) of South Carolina. The information given was quite detailed, but we present the major points here to expand on our coverage of the Westinghouse reorganization.

Compared to our ancestors, we live relatively luxurious lives thanks to the tremendous advancements of science and technology. Every generation seeks to carve out a better life for the next, and an embrace of science is key to allow this to happen. Yet as we make more advances as a society, there seems to be more resistance to scientific fact.

In the April 2017 issue of Nuclear News:

By Paul Menser

This week's matinee is a documentary of sorts, set to music, showing the decommissioning process undertaken at the former Yankee Atomic Electric plant at Rowe, Massachusetts.  The heavy work to remove the power plant from the site stretched from 2003 to 2007, and much of it is shown in this several section video set to music.  The video is entertaining, but also quite instructive.